Women who binge drink in the first three months of pregnancy have an increased risk of having infants with cleft lip and cleft palate, according to findings in the American Journal of Epidemiology.

"Some evidence exists that women who drink alcohol during pregnancy are more likely than nondrinkers to have infants with facial clefts," Dr. Lisa A. DeRoo and colleagues write, "but summarizing previous findings is hampered by different categories of drinks and time points of reference across studies."

DeRoo, with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in Durham, North Carolina, and colleagues investigated this topic in a study involving infants with oral clefts born between 1996 and 2001 in Norway. A total of 377 infants with cleft lip with or without cleft palate, 196 with cleft palate only, and 763 unaffected subjects were included in the study.

Mothers completed questionnaires within a few months after delivery regarding alcohol use during the first trimester.

Compared with non-drinkers, women who drank at least five drinks per occasion had more than a two-fold risk of having an infant with cleft lip or palate. For women who drank this amount on three or more occasions, the risk of a cleft defect tripled.

The researchers conclude: "These data on possible further (harmful birth) effects of alcohol reinforce the public health message that women should not drink alcohol during pregnancy."

《美國(guó)流行病學(xué)期刊》日前公布的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在剛懷孕三個(gè)月內(nèi)酗酒的女性生出“兔唇兒”的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大。

麗莎•A•德魯博士及其同事在研究報(bào)告中寫道：“已有證據(jù)表明，懷孕期間喝酒的女性比不喝酒的女性生出兔唇兒的幾率更高。但之前的研究所涉及的酒類不同，關(guān)鍵的時(shí)間點(diǎn)也不統(tǒng)一。”

位于北卡羅萊納州達(dá)拉莫的“全國(guó)環(huán)境健康科研所”的德魯博士及其同事針對(duì)該問(wèn)題對(duì)挪威1996年至2001年間出生的唇腭裂兒進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)研。研究對(duì)象共包括377個(gè)唇裂或唇腭裂嬰兒、196個(gè)單純腭裂嬰兒以及763個(gè)健全嬰兒。

這些孩子的媽媽們?cè)诋a(chǎn)后幾個(gè)月內(nèi)完成了有關(guān)“懷孕最初三個(gè)月是否有過(guò)飲酒經(jīng)歷”的調(diào)查問(wèn)卷。

調(diào)查表明，懷孕期間一次喝酒至少五杯的媽媽生下兔唇兒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是沒喝過(guò)酒媽媽的兩倍多；而有過(guò)三次或三次以上這種經(jīng)歷的人生出兔唇兒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)則為沒喝過(guò)酒的三倍多。

研究人員得出結(jié)論：“這些有關(guān)酒精導(dǎo)致新生兒缺陷的數(shù)據(jù)強(qiáng)化了這樣一條公共健康信息：孕婦不宜喝酒。”